How does a fiber optic transceiver work?

October 10, 2023

The optical transceiver can convert the electrical signal we want to transmit into an optical signal, and convert the received optical signal into an electrical signal and input it to our receiving end.

How the fiber optic transceiver works

Glass (or plastic) filaments (fibers) are used in fiber optic technology to transmit data. The use of fiber optic technology is based entirely on the principle of total internal reflection. The reflection or refraction of light depends entirely on the angle at which it intersects the plane. Fiber optic systems are very similar to copper core wire systems. The difference is that the fiber uses light pulses to transmit information along the fiber line, while the copper wire uses electronic pulses to transmit information along its own line.

The principle of the optical transceiver is to exchange the short-distance twisted pair electrical signal and the long-distance optical signal. The optical fiber transceiver utilizes the advantages of large information capacity, good confidentiality, light weight, small size, no relay, long transmission distance, etc., and solves the problem of Ethernet transmission. It is well used in the actual network environment where the Ethernet cable cannot be covered and the fiber must be used to extend the transmission distance.

The schematic of the fiber transceiver is given below:

Network fiber optic transceivers - widely used for their advantages of large information capacity, good confidentiality, light weight, small size, no relay, long transmission distance, etc. Optical fiber transceivers utilize the high-speed propagation medium of optical fiber. A good solution to the problem of Ethernet transmission. According to the fiber, it can be divided into multimode fiber transceivers and single mode fiber transceivers.

Multimode MM fiber: It has a large cable core bundle that allows hundreds of rays to propagate through the fiber at the same time. Multimode fiber is mainly used in short-distance systems (less than 2km).

Single mode SM fiber: It has a much smaller cable core bundle and only one beam can be transmitted through the cable core bundle. The single-mode fiber is designed to maintain the spatial and spectral integrity of each optical signal over long distances for more information to be transmitted.

Modem selection of multimode fiber modems and single mode fiber modems: Modem prices for single mode fiber are generally slightly higher than modem mode (moden) prices, but due to the current single mode The use of optical fiber is becoming more and more widespread, and the price of single-mode fiber is greatly reduced. Now it is lower than the price of multimode fiber. If the transmission distance is not very long, it is recommended to use a multimode fiber modem (moden), but If the distance exceeds a certain distance, it is recommended to use a single mode fiber modem (m), because the price of the entire system can be reduced.

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